The Riga Leprosarium was constructed in the woods of the Dreilini estate, as decided by the City Council of Riga on 17 December 1890, founded by Adolf von Bergman. It was officially opened on 15 October 1891 with forty beds. From 1891 to 1937, 843 patients were treated. The leprosarium closed in 1937 due to a decrease in the number of leprosy patients, and those who remained were relocated to the town of Talsi.
During the Second World War, under German rule, the hospital reopened as Riga’s Hospital for Special Infections. Since 1982 the hospital has been called the Republic Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases.